Animal Vaccines

Animal Vaccines-

"Vaccination is a safe, and simple way of protecting yourself against harmful diseases before people come into touch with them," according to the World Health Organization. It boosts your immune system by using your body's natural defenses to generate resistance to specific diseases. Vaccines instruct your immune system to produce antibodies in the same way as it does when susceptible to disease.

Different types of Animal Diseases & their Symptoms-

Anthrax- Affected animals include cattle, deer, sheep, and goats. They typically contract the disease by inhaling anthrax spores.

• Symptoms – Difficult breathing, collapse, and convulsions before death. Trembling (sometimes), high temperature.

Black Quarter (Black-leg) - A highly deadly bacterial disease that affects sheep, buffaloes, and goats. Young cattle between 6-24 months of age, get affected the most.

• Symptoms – Rapid pulse and heart rates, fever (106-108 degree F), loss of appetite, and dullness.

Rabies – It is a disease of dogs, foxes, and wolves, and is passed to other animals or to people if they are bitten by an animal with rabies. Rabies germs dwell in the saliva of rabid animals.

• Symptoms – Stop eating and drinking, changed the aggressive nature of the infected animal, or be totally quiet and do not move, no change in body temperature.

Blue Tongue – It is a disease that is transmitted by midges and infects domestics. Cattle, although are infected more frequently than sheep. The use of contaminated surgical equipment or hypodermic needles are some possibilities of the disease.

• Symptoms – Eye and nasal discharges, drooling, high body temperature, swelling in mouth, head and neck, hemorrhage under skin, respiratory problem, fever and lethargy.
• Tetanus – It is a non-febrile, and transmissible illness of animals and humans, characterized by hyperaesthesia and spasmodic tetanus. Tetanus infects numerous animals that are domesticated, but it is most common in horses and lambs.
• Symptoms – Mild stiffness of limbs, neck, head, and tail, twitching of muscles, unwillingness to move, nostril dilation, & nictitating membrane.

Bovine Babesiosis (Tick Fever) – Bovine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of cattle. It is handed down from one generation of ticks to another.

• Symptoms – High fever, dark-colored urine, anorexia, weakness, reluctance to move, and involuntary movement of the limbs.

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Adverse Consequences and Side Effects of Animal Vaccines –

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has classified adverse consequences as follows:

• Vaccine-induced events are events that would not happen in the absence of vaccinations and are attributed to vaccines.
• Immunization-potentiated reactions are occurrences that could have happened regardless but were triggered by the immunization.
• Programmatic errors are the events that happen in response to technical errors in vaccine storage, preparation, handling, and administration.
• Coincidental events are events that happen by chance or as a result of some underlying illness. The use of vaccines is not completely free of risk. Residual virulence and toxicity, allergic responses disease, and harmful effects on the fetus are potential risks associated with the use of vaccines.